Homologous and heterologous booster of COVID-19 vaccines: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Assessed by RV019 · Evidence Synthesis Methdos Lead
Assessed on 8 Mar 2026
OverallReviewer's overall integrity assessment, derived from all research questions No concerns
DOI 10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101692 (opens in new tab)
Resource ripekg:research-integrity-assessment/RIPEA2FDF154C3D3A24A0
5 Research Questions · 2 Evidence Items
Q1.1 — Does the study have an associated retraction?
Rationale: No rationale provided
Q1.2 — Does the study have an associated expression of concern or other relevant post-publication notice?
Rationale: No rationale provided
Q1.3 — Do other studies by the research team highlight causes for concern?
Rationale: No rationale provided
Q2.2 — Are there concerns relating to the timing or absence of study registration?
Rationale: No rationale provided
Supporting Evidence (2)
Clinical Trial RegistrationSource: Clinical trial registry (e.g. ClinicalTrials.gov, ISRCTN)
No trial registration found
Assessment Rationale:How INSPECT-AI determined the prospective registration status by comparing dates Registry registration date (study_first_submit_qc_date) is missing or empty.
Study Design EvidenceDates and timelines extracted by INSPECT-AI from the publication text
Recruitment Start: 12-10-2022
Recruitment Start Rationale:INSPECT-AI's reasoning for how it identified the recruitment start date Table 1: 'Study Period' for Wu et al., 2023 is 'Oct 12,22 - Nov 22, 22'.
Recruitment End: 22-11-2022
Recruitment End Rationale:INSPECT-AI's reasoning for how it identified the recruitment end date Table 1: 'Study Period' for Wu et al., 2023 is 'Oct 12,22 - Nov 22, 22'.
Study End: N/A
Study End Rationale:INSPECT-AI's reasoning for how it identified the study end date No explicit study end date found.
Overall — What is the overall integrity assessment of the study?
Rationale: No rationale provided